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The Swedish psychologist and university professor Heinz Leymann developed the LIPT questionnaire. LIPT stands for ''Leymann Inventory of Psychological Terror''. == Structure == The LIPT questionnaire lists 45 mobbing actions at the workplace. A person is regarded as being bullied if one or more of the 45 actions happen at least once per week over a period of at least one year. Alternative mobbing definitions require a shorter period of at least 3-6 months and the frequent occurrence of more than one action. The effects of the actions on the mobbing victim are divided into five categories: # Effects on self-expression and communication, e.g., the mobbing victim is constantly interrupted, criticized, or yelled at. # Effects on social contacts, e.g., colleagues and coworkers are forbidden to talk with the victim. # Effects on personal reputation, e.g., unfounded rumors about the mobbing victim are circulated. # Effects on occupational situation and quality of life, e.g., the victim is given meaningless jobs or tasks that affect the self-esteem. # Effects on physical health, e.g., threats of physical violence, damage to the workplace, or outright sexual harassment. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Leymann Inventory of Psychological Terror」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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